• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE1000937A1
    申请号:SE1000937
    申请日:2010-09-14
    公开日:2012-03-15
    发明作者:Goesta Sundberg
    申请人:Goesta Sundberg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    3 testing institutes. Traditional space-consuming insulation technology is most common. The tight houses place high demands on good ventilation and heat exchangers, which recover the heat in exhaust air. Ventilation, air conditioning and heating systems offered in the market for detached houses, apartments, premises and properties are complex where most have supply air and air conditioning from above. Warning water is stored at a high temperature with energy costs as a result. Solar panels and solar collectors are adapted for hot seasons in the direction of south, east and west and during the sunniest time there is a risk of producing too much heat with the need for heat storage, e.g. extra accumulator tank. It often gets too hot indoors. During the cold season, too little heat is produced as the solar panel, the solar collector, is too small. In hot climates, Water countries, energy goes to cooling.
    Ventilation energy can be reduced by half compared to supply air from above. Computer simulation of the air's movements around the heat generator in a room shows that heat rises naturally towards the ceiling. Cooler supply air from below automatically finds its way to the heat sources, where heat exchange takes place. Research shows how the supply air should be handled so that it never interferes with the natural heat transport from the heat sources in the room. The heat exchange can be concentrated on the heat sources in the room, in a way that means that humans never experience it as drafts. The need for supplied energy can be reduced by half compared to supply air from above.
    This significant potential for less energy use has been verified through studies in real buildings. (Cho, Awbi, Karimipanah, Blomqvist, Sandberg, Moshfeg) Traditional construction technology with cooling elements in the ceiling and supply air from above means greatly increased energy consumption and poorer indoor air as rising rising unclean air is mixed with descending cold air, which requires great air exchange.
    PCM (Phase Change media) is a well-known technology. (Sundberg, Thermal energy storage through Phase change processes. Luleå University of Technology. Department of Renewable Energy, 2005.) The process for PCM technology can be divided into two steps. In the first step, heat is transferred to the PCM from a surrounding heat source. This occurs when the temperature of the heat source is higher than the temperature of the PCM. The friend can, for example, consist of the heat generated in a human body or the indoor air heated by the sun. The PCM acts in this step as a heat sink, absorbs the heat and undergoes a phase change, for example from solid to liquid form. The process means that the 4 thermal energy for the PCM increases while the opposite ratio applies to the heat source, where the thermal energy decreases. In this step, in other words, something in the PCM's environment, such as the warm human body or indoor air, is cooled by the PCM as it undergoes its phase change. At the same time as this happens, the PCM is charged with heat; it is heat that is now latent, dormant, and ready to be released. The heat is released from the PCM to an surrounding heat sink in the second stage, when the temperature of the PCM is higher than the temperature of the friend sink. In this step, the heat sink can be the original heat source that has cooled and / or another receiver in the PCM's environment. In this step, the PCM can be seen as a heat source and releases the stored friend when the temperature of the PCM drops and the PCM undergoes a phase change in the opposite direction, for example from liquid to solid form. The process means that the thermal energy for the PCM decreases, while the opposite relationship applies for the heat sink, where the thermal energy increases. In this step, the PCM thus provides heat to something in its environment, such as a cooled human body or cold indoor air, while the PCM is charged with cold. The PCM now possesses an ability to absorb heat if the temperature of something in its environment rises and can thus again provide cooling to something in its environment according to step one. The PCM is selected with a different phase change temperature depending on the purpose and area of use of the system or product. If, for example, the PCM is to provide comfort cooling to us humans in the home, a phase change temperature below 20 degrees may be appropriate and if it is to cool food instead, another phase change temperature may be suitable. The amount of PCM used is different depending on which heat / cold load it is to correspond to. The PCM used to respond to a certain heat and / or cooling load does not necessarily have to consist of a continuous unit but can be divided into sub-units. There are advantages to dividing the PCM into small subunits to improve the heat transfer to and from the PCM and the space available for the PCM may vary in size.
    During the late 19th century, PCM that was melted / solidified at 44.4 ° C was placed in metal bags for friend storage in a train compartment, and in the early 20th century, PCM was used for cold storage in various train transport applications (Dinçer. And Rosen, 2002). A little later, hotplates were developed to give hotels and restaurants the opportunity to keep food warm for guests and bed guards to keep patients in hospitals comfortable (Lane, 1983). In the early 1940s, PCM was developed for bed warmers (Bowen, 1949). In 1946, a house was built where PCM used energy from a number of solar collectors via a ystem genuine system. Using 21 tons of PCM, the system was able to store approximately 11 MJ of heat. The LTES system had a capacity to provide 21-degree heating for the house during periods of up to seven days of cloudy weather, without the need for any other heating system (Frysinger and Sliwkowski, 1987). A system solution for buildings was patented in the 1960s by Telkes, along with Herrick and Etherington at General Electric and later used in the United States (Bromley and McKay, 1994). Dow Chemical, a leading research group on PCM in the 1970s, commissioned a study by the National Science Federation in the United States to study the potential of nearly 20,000 different PCMs. The result was that only about one percent of all the PCMs examined were judged to have potential for practical applications that motivated further studies. These PCMs were various congruently melting salt hydrates and organic materials (Lane 1983). During the 1970s and 1980s, a number of organizations were able to offer phase change products for storing solar heat. Dow Chemicals had a product that melted / solidified at 27.2 ° C. with the product fi ck no foothold in the market for solvänne. In 1982, Transphase Systems Inc. installed a cold storage system for commercial and industrial buildings using PCM salts (Dinçer and Rosen, 2002). PCM technology is used for long- and short-term storage of heat and cold. For long-term storage, the aim is to minimize the heat transfer between the PCM and its surroundings, as even a small heat transfer can result in very large losses over a storage season. For long-term storage, it is therefore important to insulate the PCM. By long-term storage is meant here the time period months. By short-term storage is meant here the time period hours and days. For short-term storage, the PCM must be able to emit / absorb heat energy quickly and thus respond to temperature changes more directly.
    In buildings, the atmosphere is perceived as comfortable if the temperature varies slightly during the day and PCM can be used to provide an even indoor temperature in the building, not least proved to be suitable for providing cooling and it is customary for cold to be supplied to rooms from roofs. PCM can also be integrated into the building elements - ceilings, walls, floors - or placed as separate units, alternatively in furniture, to even out temperature variations indoors; when the indoor temperature is high, the PCM picks up the friend, when it is low it is released.
    Buildings can then be built in a new way; either active heating / cooling systems that have lower capacity can be installed and / or they can be built with less massive building elements - due to their relatively large inherently sensitive storage capacity, solid building elements give a "inertia" at the temperature changes between day and night. PCM is found in floor elements (Rubitherm, 2005) and wall elements (BASF, 2005).
    PCM technology can be incorporated into other, already existing energy systems, primarily for the purpose of covering the top load in the energy system and one area of use is the solar heating systems that use a PCM to store the solar fan. PCM systems are judged to be able to be used in ventilation systems and in hot water tanks in buildings. There are a number of demonstration facilities where PCM technology is used in this way. Belusko and Saman at the University of South Australia have developed a solar system that uses corrugated sheet metal as a solar collector to protect air. The heated air is circulated via a distribution system to the indoor environment. PCM is connected to the distribution system and is used to store heat or cold.
    The company TEAP has demonstrated a warning water system that uses PCM.
    The system is dimensioned for use in villas. An inorganic salt with a melting temperature of 58 ° C was used for the system. 150 kg of the PCM are enclosed in plastic containers before being placed in a 250 l commodity water tank. The PCM is charged with 2.4 kW electric heaters until the desired temperature is reached. When heat is needed, cold water is allowed to flow through the water tank, before being led out to the end user. A test according to the National Association of Testing Authorities of Australia's standard for a commodity water system was carried out. The test means that a number of successive withdrawals of hot water are made until the temperature has dropped from the original 75 ° C to 45 ° C. The test showed that with PCM in the hot water tank, 408.6 l of hot water could be obtained before the temperature of the water had dropped to 45 ° C. Without PCM, 230 l of hot water could be extracted.
    A system like this can be charged with protection from solar panels. Examples of PCM systems that supply heating and cooling to where there is a need are relatively few today. It is easy to reap the benefits of using PCM technology. If PCM technology is used, part of the top load for an arbitrary energy system can be met. This should provide a reduced cost of capital as an energy system that is dimensioned for a lower peak load needs components with lower capacity. It can be smaller cooling systems, pumps, 7 fl genres and more. As the PCM technology provides an opportunity to store heat for later use, the use of the technology will stimulate an increased use of renewable energy sources, such as solar heat. This is because these energy sources often supply their energy when the energy demand is low and with the help of PCM technology, the conditions are in place for increased use of the renewable energy sources to take place at the expense of the fossil energy sources. It is mainly the solid-surface PCM that is used today. They have a relatively good energy storage capacity, relatively small volume changes during phase change and they have phase change temperatures that can be used to keep us humans comfortable.
    WO 85/00212 discloses a solar collector system specially developed for direct heating of a residential area with the stored heat from PCM. A PCM undergoes a phase change at a certain temperature and thermal energy is stored or emitted and can provide heat and / or cooling as needed. DEl02006020535 (Al) refers to solar systems with PCM and heat pump for heating and cooling. A PCM device is known from WO 85/00212. References to building materials and PCM are US 4908166. PCM products with different properties for buildings can be purchased from e.g. BASF and Dupoint. 4,924,935. is a flat roof system where PCM material is used.
    WO20061228565 is a patent on PCM material. SE08023 1 8A-1 refers to a cooling and heating system for a building based on thermal energy where the liquid tank is a part of the wall, ceiling and floor. It is known that an insulated space under the lowest floor of a building is used for heating, as shown in WO2008105733 (A1) US2008l64333 (A1), WO2008105733 (A1). PCM patents are available for air conditioning in ceilings.
    DEl02006029597 (Al). SE-B-468057. SE5l4680C2 is a floor system available for heating and cooling. Solar collectors for heating ventilation air, water and or as a medium for transferring heat to a heat exchanger are known. FR 2500036 is a simple air solar collector. US 4054124 and US 4262657 disclose a more sophisticated solar collector.
    A common feature is that the rear wall of the solar panels is heat insulated to improve the thermal efficiency of the solar collector. GB 2 214 710 shows a combination of a solar collector and solar panel for heating. DK 174935 BI has solar panels and solar cells with a back that is permeable to air. None of the above patents solves problems with climate shells in their entirety exemplified by environmentally friendly wood technology, efficient thin heat storage insulation, PCM, ventilation with supply air from below, minimization of cold bridges, cost-effective solar heating, heat storage and water heating at lower temperatures, air cooling, and offering a complete cooling. cost-effective climate-positive climate shell that is easy to install.
    The majority of all construction of climate shells for permanent residence takes place on site with different craft categories represented alternatively modular for shorter construction times. There is a lack of technology where ordinary buyers can assemble large parts of the house themselves, similar to furniture, which is purchased as flat packages for self-assembly. The invention also relates to methods for producing climate shells with smaller living functions with an external surface area of approximately 15 sq.m. and an external height of no more than 3 meters, which can be joined to a larger building and which is fl surface.
    In traditional homes, there are functional solutions inside the climate shell for heating to sleep, sit and eat. Technology is used to keep food refrigerated in cupboards. Disadvantage is that energy is needed for this even when the temperature outside is low. In the past, a pantry, a cool, was a simple valve technology that is increasingly rare as standard. Technology for folding up beds, sofas and folding tables and for storing food cool, heating food in a small area as well as cleaning and collecting rainwater and storing water is a well-known shell technology for caravans, boats and leisure and hotel properties. In the housing of the climate shell, space can be used to heat and cool beds, seating furniture, food and heat water. Incorporating parts of this function into the climate shell can provide better protection efficiency.
    Global warming and cooling of buildings is the single largest cause of greenhouse gas emissions. The use of well-insulated ventilated climate shells and renewable energy can reduce emissions. It is difficult to climate insulate, ventilate and store and distribute solar energy efficiently in buildings. None of today's traditional solutions for climate housing combine thin effective insulation with PCM to store heat from the sun and heat and cooling from water and air. Climate-positive climate shell material according to the invention is a thin ventilating ternous-like casing in wood that stores heat from e.g. the sun and cold from e.g. the air with good housing function and easy to install. All based on the invention.
    Summary of the invention The above-mentioned objects are achieved with the invention defined by the independent patent claim.
    It is thus an object of the present invention to achieve a system which provides better heating and cooling economy than that achieved with conventional systems and which also provides a healthier living environment and efficient insulating housing function.
    It is a further object of the invention to provide a cooling and / or heating system for rooms, water, food in a building which can be operated without a supply of electrical energy.
    It is a further object of the invention to provide a mounting method.
    Preferred embodiments are defined by the dependent claims.
    Brief description of the drawing Figure 1 schematically shows the finished climate cover Figure 2 shows Characteristics according to claim 1 Figure 3 shows three basic drawings of the climate cover a Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention For environmentally friendly insulation, cooling, heating of buildings, materials can be used. heating and distribution are integrated as units in a building's climate shell. Building material for climate housing for building, the material comprising a first layer and a second layer and wherein a number of intermediate layers are arranged between said first and second layers, characterized in that said intermediate layer in the direction from the first to the second layer consists of an insulating material (2 ), an air gap (3), an outer space (4), a PCM material (5), an inner space and a further layer of insulating material (2). F ig.2. Building material for climate housing e characterized in that said first and second outer layers are made of wood (1) with surface layers with endothermic effect (1A), that insulated materials are high-performance exemplified with thermal conductivity in the range 0.005 - 0.014 W / (mK) with insulation thickness 25-70 mm, that insulating material (2) is enclosed in metal (2A), that PCM material (5) is enclosed in metal (5A), that outer space can contain air, liquid or solid material and a combination of these .
    Climate cover for a building comprising building materials, characterized in that the climate cover is a substantially enclosed space with an outside and an inside and comprises walls, floors, roof doors and windows as well as lining strips which comprise said building materials. Air gap (3) is self-circulating (7) if colder fresh air is heated under the floor in sufficient quantity. Inner and outer wood layers have a ceramic surface coating with fl your physical properties. The scientific term for these is surface layers with endothermic effect. With the endothermic effect, heat losses in properties are reduced and can contribute to savings in heating costs by 12-24 percent. 0.3 mm surface layer contains 12-20 million bullets / mz that reflect and scatter shortwave visible heat radiation.
    Climate cover enables air circulation inside the material and out to adjacent rooms through supply air from the floor space (6) and is carried out through the exhaust air duct (8). Supply air unit, heating and cooling system is located in the floor, which contains PCM material with phase transformation temperature in the range 19 to 23 ° C where colder night air can be used to provide comfort cooling. The ventilation air introduced into the room - the supply air - does not have to be warmer than 19 degrees during the winter and never colder than 22 degrees in rooms with excess heat. Cooling air for air conditioning then becomes unnecessary in a country like Sweden. At warmer latitudes where the night air is colder, PCM can be cooled by med during the night and lower the internal temperature considerably during the day. The flow of air into the floor is relatively slow and dirt and other contaminants that accompany the supply air will fall under the lifting space under the floor. Plinth and floor are removable for cleaning when needed.
    The air present in the floor space changes temperature with the help of PCM and mechanically channeled outdoor air through mechanical valves and, if necessary, channeled solar heat as well as the heat pump and supply air. The air that is heated or cooled can be external air, air from the l 1 building or a combination of these. Air is delivered to the floor as supply air via a floor plinth (6) through air gap in wooden floor which decreases and increases due to natural movement in wood depending on moisture content and / or if wooden floor is directly against wall in plinth, which contains partly PCM surrounded by metal which encloses pipes for liquid for cooling and heating as well as supply air pipes which can give a high impulse which creates a greater flow force than the total motive force of the heat exchanges which take place in the room. The construction of the supply air can therefore be predicted and optimized and with the help of a high impulse when needed. Supply air with a temperature close to the room air is carried to people and heat sources from below. Here, the sub-air draftlessly replaces the upward-facing warmer convention. Incoming air in the subfloor comes into contact with heat or cold emitted by the PCM and thus changes the temperature before they spread throughout the floor space and the room. The heated air will thus be delivered to the building via an air gap that exists between the wooden floor and the wall and out through the PCM floor lining base. The base can be equipped with PCM against the outer wall for heat and cold storage and with e.g. plate of aluminum with a copper tube, in which heat and cold can be distributed.
    The floor is well insulated against the foundation. The air is heated or cooled by the PCM heat and the air rises towards the underside of the floor, thus protruding the floor. Through the floor plinth and the angled metal plate, the heat is stored and the air is angled towards the center of the floor.
    The air can circulate in the air gap in the floor, wall and ceiling of the building and back down to the floor and to a heat exchanger. Natural heat that solar energy can. stored in PCM for heating and cold sources at night cold night air can be stored for cooling. PCM is integrated in floors according to the above and in walls and ceilings. Due to PCM's high thermal mass PCM, the effect of large fluctuations in the ambient temperature inside the temperature of the building can be minimized. PCM can be very efficient for cooling and heating by storing cooling and heat in ceilings and walls. Underfloor heating is used to aggravate outdoor air that fl burns in from the ceiling level climate cover is etched in the self-circulating air gap in the building.
    The climate cover is provided with external and internal lining strips (9) comprising said climate shell material. The feed lists insulate in places where insulation with traditional technology can often be fragile. Inner lining is air- and liquid-borne with aluminum lining that encloses a copper pipe. Cold bridges in window moldings, door, between floors, in the eaves l 2 and in the outer corners are minimized. The climate shell includes sliding windows (11) and sliding door (13). Windows include an internal insulating curtain with good insulating properties with magnetic sleep and Velcro for effective closure around window and door linings as well as an external insulated shutter.
    Windows (10) include two or three panes of glass (10). For fixed windows, the glass is mounted in the frame.
    For openable windows, a window frame is mounted in the frame. Outer and inner glass is attached by removing part of the outer and inner wood layers. The outer metal layer can be coated with thin film for better absorption and emission and includes a copper tube for energy transfer. Windows inside can be equipped with a blind with insulating material according to claim 1, horizontally rotatable doors with slats that are vertically rotatable.
    Shutters can include a lining strip and solar panel with solar cells for operation and battery.
    The shutters insulate windows when they are closed. When open, they can be mechanically directed towards the sun. The shutters can be equipped automatically with a solar-powered motor connected to a computer, which automatically controls the position of both windows and is powered by solar panel slats. The program is based on the specified longitude and latitude. The mechanism is clamp-proof, which means that the engine stops if a finger is in the way. The outside and inside of the shutter consist of a tempered glass often with a low iron content and an insulated frame with PCM and copper pipes. The window can be connected by pipes to transfer liquid or solid medium. The pump or kten spigot is controlled by a temperature sensor. When the temperature difference reaches a preset value of the pump, the copper pipes are filled between the glass panes. The PCM walls or roof can capture a large part of the solar radiation if part of the outer wood layer in the material is replaced with glass and channeling through takes place through external insulation through e.g. copper pipes enclosed by the metal layer. The underlying metal acts as an absorber and in tubes heat can be transferred to PCM through heated lift or heated liquid media.
    In parts of the outer moldings, the first layer of material has wood replaced by glass where adjacent metal encloses a metal tube, which may contain air or liquid, and is coated thin film to be able to utilize as much of the sun's energy as possible.
    Vertical outdoor moldings, outdoor lining, are combined solar collectors for air and liquid medium in 13 copper pipes surrounded by coated aluminum sheet. The climate shell includes a solar-based system with a window-door knob and roof lining with all material layers, with the difference that the outer wooden layers are glass. Horizontal lining strips are solar panels and solar collectors with liquid medium. Windows include solar panels with the above layers of material. The lining strips can be of different widths. The widths 7.5 and 15 cm consist of an aluminum plate that encloses a copper pipe. The plate is coated with a thin film based on nanotechnology.
    Product is available from subcontractors to solar panel companies. In this invention, the copper pipe can be used partly to preheat air and alternatively to conduct water or other liquid medium for heat storage in PCM which is converted at high temperature.
    Lining strips contain a thin insulating layer.
    Solar on the wall is the application of the PCM material for thermal storage. The wall consists of the different layers of the building material. The solar radiation that reaches the wall is absorbed by PCM and "buried" in the wall through a built-in solar panel in windows and lining strips. The stored heat is used for heating and ventilation in a house. The air to the house ventilation is heated in the outer space, which is an air duct that is led into the room through the floor space.
    Walls can offer climate shell spaces for purifying and storing water, heating water, heating food, cooling food as well as storage and purifying air. The climate cover has a delimited part of said inner space in the wall which makes it possible to store heat in PCM - material for heating materials in the outer or inner space as a bed, which can be folded out.
    The climate housing has a delimited part of the above-mentioned inner space in the wall which enables air circulation through temperature-controlled supply air supply and PCM material with a low phase conversion temperature of e.g. 7 ° C to cool food (14). The climate housing also has the inner space in the wall that makes it possible to store heat in PCM materials with a high phase transformation temperature of e.g. 58 ° C to heat flowing cool water (15). The PCM tank is in oxygen-resistant steel with internal pipe loops in oxygen-resistant steel partly for heating PCM and partly for direct heating of cold water. Cold water is preheated by the indoor temperature by piping in floor plinths and cornices and accumulates above the PCM tank in a cold water tank, which is two-part where filtered rainwater can be stored in one part and fresh water in the other. A cold water tank and a PCM tank are located above the sink in a PCM cabinet built into the wall with shelves with grilles for air passage and water drainage from the sink (possible leakage) and another cold water tank and PCM-14 tank are in the wall for a compact shower room with WC and sink. Shower tray consisting of copper pipes and aluminum to recycle hot shower water by protecting water / incoming air and separate ventilation. A simple sprinkler system is connected to the toilet and rainwater tank in the wall. In a PCM wardrobe built into the wall, there is an air purifier in the lower part that takes in and cleans the room air through a passage on the front.
    The wardrobe contains four air grilles, one adjacent to the work surface and one at the top for emissions, and two where PCM is located. In the lower part of the wall-mounted sink there is a well-insulated cooling space, 14, with a valve that can be opened and closed at the top and bottom as well as a temperature and time-controlled fl. PCM has a low phase transformation temperature around 7 degrees.
    In wall-mounted stove and young cabinets with their own exhaust air (12) there is a phase transformation material that is converted at a high temperature. The oven contains copper pipes and aluminum sheet that can be directly connected to solar panels to obtain a high temperature. The stove cabinet is located in Söderläge in a wall under an openable window. The stove consists of a box with walls and floor with solar panels that can be covered by a transparent lid, surrounded by one or two refillable reactors, which direct the sunlight into the box where the pan is placed.
    The climate cover has a window sill where the first layer of glass is removable where the subsequent air space is drawer-shaped so that walls, floors act as solar collectors and as heating plates that the above-mentioned glazed window drawer is surrounded by one or two curtain curtains with insulation material that directs sunlight into drawers. outer and inner space enclosed by metal adjacent metal encloses a metal pipe, which may contain air or liquid, that PCM material has a high phase conversion temperature for heating and storing food.
    Building kit is a collection of building elements, where the floor, wall and roof parts correctly assembled into volume elements, module, can function as the corresponding climate housing e that is assembled by the manufacturer. By assembling modules, it is possible to make clear surface layers, installations and furnishings on a flat smaller surface by two people who are not professionals. At the construction site, modules are assembled after a possible transport on a completed foundation and supplemented to a finished building. A building can consist of one to sixteen volume elements 15 depending on the size and floor plan volume elements for buildings up to two storeys.
    The foundation is flat hard ground leveled with gravel for draining insulating base plate or plinth base of stone or concrete.
    In addition to housing, the same modular building can be used for offices, schools and hotels as the function is in a finished climate enclosure and use can easily be changed from time to time. The frame of a volume element is made of wood. Volume element speed as the superstructure can be built at the same time as the foundation. This provides an increased opportunity for rationalization and quality monitoring. The mobility is great as the buildings can be taken apart into volume elements again. The mobility entails the possibility of renting buildings for a certain period of time.
    Construction kit consists of straight blocks and prisms. Straight blocks are bounded by rectangles six side surfaces eight corners and twelve edges. Straight blocks are limited by the dimensions 2750 wide, 5500 mm long and 2750 mm high, alternatively 3000 mm long 5000 mm long 2800 mm high. A larger straight block 5500 mm wide and 11000 mm long and 5500 mm high is joined by 4 straight blocks according to the first category in a lower plane and 4 in the upper plane. Of the second category, a larger straight block 6000 mm wide and 20000 mm long and 6000 mm high can be joined by 18 straight blocks of 8 straight blocks according to the second category in a lower plane and 8 straight blocks in the upper plane. The prisms have five-sided base areas, which is about 15 sqm. The sides are 4,500 mm long, 3,500 mm 2500 mm and just over 1,000 mm and the height 6,000 mm. 16 prisms form a climate shell with 8 prisms on the ground floor.
    A straight block building set consists of 60 meters of glulam beam 90 * 90 * 5,000 mm for frame and 60 solid wooden boards 28 * 2460 * 600 for exterior and interior walls. Wooden roof 42 mm thick for 15 sqm. Wood coat color. Metal-coated insulation cloth 2 * 66 sqm. Tin Roof. PCM. Window, door.
    Solar panel & water heater air heat exchanger, electrical and plumbing packages, shower WC cabin, mini kitchen.
    The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above.
    Various alternatives, modifications and equivalents can be used. The above embodiments are therefore not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    Building material for climate housing, the material comprising a first layer and a second layer and wherein a number of intermediate layers are arranged between said first and second layers, characterized in that said intermediate layer in the direction from the first to the second layer consists of an insulating material. (2), an air gap (3), an outer space (4), a PCM material (5), an inner space and a further layer of insulating material (2). Fig.2.
    [2]
    Building material for climate housing e according to claim 1, characterized in that said first and second outer layers are made of wood (1) with surface layers with endothermic effect (1A), that insulated materials are high-performance exemplified with thermal conductivity in the range 0.005 - 0.014 W / (mK) with insulation thickness 25-70 mm, that insulating material (2) is enclosed in metal (ZA), that PCM material (5) is enclosed in metal (SA), that outer space can contain air, liquid or solid material and a combination of these.
    [3]
    Climate cover e for a building comprising building materials according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the climate cover is a substantially closed space with an outside and an inside and comprises walls, floors, roof doors, windows, shutters and lining strips which comprise said building materials. .
    [4]
    Climate cover e according to claim 3, characterized in that said outer space enables air circulation inside the material (7) and out towards adjacent rooms through supply air from floor space (6), which contains PCM material with phase transformation temperature, e.g. in the range 19 to 23 ° C where colder night air can be used to provide comfort cooling. Fig. 1.
    [5]
    Climate housing according to Claim 3, characterized in that the outer wooden layers can be removed and replaced with glass for solar collector function. Windows have an exposed outer metal layer coated with thin film for better absorption and include a connected copper pipe for energy transfer. Windows have a blind with insulating material according to claim 2 and horizontally rotatable shutters to minimize cold bridges. The hatches have slats that are vertically rotatable and can include a solar panel with solar cells for operation. 10 15 20 25 30 1 7
    [6]
    Climate housing according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the delimited part of said inner space in the wall makes it possible to heat material in delimited in the inner space, e.g. windows and lining strips on the outside are equipped with solar panels and that a delimited part in the internal space in the wall enables air circulation through temperature-controlled supply air and PCM - material with low phase conversion temperature of e.g. 7 ° C to cool e.g. food.
    [7]
    Climate housing according to claims 1-2, characterized in that a delimited part of said inner space in the wall makes it possible to store solar heat in PCM material with a high phase conversion temperature of e.g. 58 ° C to heat flowing cool water. Solar panel is located near and in the lower part of the PCM tank for self-circulation without a pump.
    [8]
    Climate cover e according to claim 8, characterized in that the lining strip is a window sill that the first layer of glass is removable, the subsequent air space according to claim 1 is drawer-shaped, that the inner surface of the drawer functions as a solar collector and as heating plates. according to claim 1, which directs the sunlight into the box where cookware can be placed, that outer and inner space is enclosed by metal and encloses a metal tube, which may contain air or liquid, that PCM material has a high phase conversion temperature for heating food.
    [9]
    9. Production of a climate cover, characterized in that the kit is assembled into a prism where the sides are 4.5 m, 3.5 m, 2.5 m long, the square root is 2 m and the height is 3 m. The construction of the prism has a five-sided base area, which is about 15 square meters. 16 prisms form a climate shell with 8 prisms in a plane with a length of 18 m, width 7 m, height 6 m. Fig 3A. The set of straight blocks is 3 m wide, 5 m long, 2.8 m high or 2.75 m wide 5.5 mm long, 2750 mm high. A larger straight block 6 m wide, 20 m long 6 m high is joined by 8 straight blocks in one plane to two. Fig. 3B. A larger straight block 5.5 mm wide and 11 m long and 6 m high is joined by 4 straight blocks according to the second category in one or two levels. Fig. 3C. For each larger room that contains a wall, there is space for a wardrobe, folding bed, kitchen cabinet and water heater. Shape according to Fig 3D where dimensions for the lower straight block are 50 - 90 cm high, 20-70 cm deep. The upper right block has a height from 160 - 200 cm high, 20-120 cm wide, 10 - 40 cm deep. Diagonal top is a folding table. The frame is made of wood approx. 9 -20 cm on which building material for climate housing according to claims 1-8 is mounted.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2616606A4|2017-04-19|
    US20130205700A1|2013-08-15|
    JP2013537270A|2013-09-30|
    CN103180532A|2013-06-26|
    AU2011302680A1|2013-05-16|
    US8776467B2|2014-07-15|
    EP2616606A1|2013-07-24|
    SE535033C2|2012-03-20|
    WO2012036606A1|2012-03-22|
    EP2616606B1|2019-11-27|
    CN103180532B|2016-01-27|
    BR112013006166A2|2016-06-07|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1000937A|SE535033C2|2010-09-14|2010-09-14|A building material including PCM and a climate housing|SE1000937A| SE535033C2|2010-09-14|2010-09-14|A building material including PCM and a climate housing|
    US13/823,191| US8776467B2|2010-09-14|2011-08-24|Climate positive building envelope for housing|
    PCT/SE2011/000155| WO2012036606A1|2010-09-14|2011-08-24|A building material containing pcm and a climate envelope|
    BR112013006166A| BR112013006166A2|2010-09-14|2011-08-24|building material for a physical climate separator of a building, and physical climate separator for a building|
    JP2013529100A| JP2013537270A|2010-09-14|2011-08-24|Building materials for housing PCM and weather resistant exterior materials|
    EP11825520.7A| EP2616606B1|2010-09-14|2011-08-24|A building material containing pcm and a climate envelope|
    CN201180051551.5A| CN103180532B|2010-09-14|2011-08-24|Constructional materials containing PCM and weather space enclosing structure|
    AU2011302680A| AU2011302680A1|2010-09-14|2011-08-24|A building material containing PCM and a climate envelope|
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